The Seven Wonders of the Ansient World free essay sample

15 Oct 2009 Sample Essay: 7 Wonders of the Ancient World Introduction The seven miracles of the antiquated world is a rundown of significant structures an incredible Greek antiquarian called Herodotus composed, more than 2,000 years prior. They are seven since he just expounded on the best structures he knew, he didn't know a lot of Asia and the Americas. Individuals have consistently wanted to make records. Records are records of fundamental spots, spots, individuals or occasions. Around 2,000 500 years back a Greek student of history named Herodotus is said to have made a rundown of what he thought were the best structures on the planet. His rundown of spots got known as the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. A marvel is an inclination made by something unusual and astounding. It’s made when one sees or feels something uncommon and sudden. In spite of the fact that there are a few miracles on the planet there are seven which are perceived as being old. We will compose a custom paper test on The Seven Wonders of the Ansient World or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The extraordinary pyramids of Egypt These are the structures most connected with Egypt. They are found at a spot called Giza which is a necropolis of old Memphis (Ancient miracles of the world). The pyramid age, which has a life expectancy of more than 4,000 years, started when structures started to manifest inside the third administration under the rules of Djoser. It is accepted the shape represented the ancient glade from which they accepted life developed. The greater sizes of these pyramids represent the forces which were vested upon the Pharaohs, the force and achievement of their nation. The draping nurseries of Babylon They are otherwise called the hanging nurseries of Semiramis. It was worked by Nebuchadnezzar II in 200 BCE, to satisfy his cherished spouse Semiramis. Verifiably the Garden was 100 feet in length by 100 feet wide and worked in levels to look like a theater (The seven miracles of the old world). There is a major uncertainty among history specialists and archeologists if this heaven at any point existed. It is accepted that this nursery was worked in a Mesopotamian desert. The nursery was inundated by the River Euphrates by the utilization of chain siphons. The sculpture of Zeus at Olympia This is a situated model of Zeus who was the ruler of the Greek divine beings. It estimated 39 feet tall. It was made by an incredible stone carver called Phidias, and raised in the Zeus sanctuary in 432 BC at Olympia. It is made of plated Bronze and Ivory (Romer, John p48). There are numerous fantasies to the reason for its devastation; some case that it was crushed by the lauseion fire in 475 while others state it ignited with the sanctuary in 425 AD (The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World). The sanctuary of Artemis at Ephesus This is a place of worship worked by a modeler named Theodorus. It was 300 feet long and 150 feet in tallness. It was worked for the Greek goddess of fruitfulness called Ephesus Artemis. The sanctuary was the pride of Ephesus until one man named Herostratus set the sanctuary ablaze. This sanctuary offered a spot for love of this goddess by the Greek. In spite of the fact that it was devastated its significance made the individuals fabricate it back severally, despite the fact that it was at long last demolished in a strike in 262 BC. Right now place where the structure stood is a mucky field. A solitary segment is worked to remind visitors its reality as an old marvel. The sepulcher at Halicarnassus This is an exceptional burial place worked by sovereign Artemisia as ascribe to her better half lord Mausolus. In view of its magnificence and claim to fame it got one of the seven old marvels. The Colossus of Rhodes After the demise of Alexander the extraordinary, his officers battled seriously to assume control over this realm. Ptolemy, Antigous and Seleucus figured out how to partition the realm among them. Since Ptolemy got a lot of help from the individuals of the Rhode Island, Antigous turned out to be irate to such an extent that he sent his child Demetrius to rebuff the inhabitants of the island. In spite of the fact that Demetrius had an enormous armed force, he was crushed by the Rhodians who were brilliant (Clayton, Peter A. p60). To commend their triumph, they chose to manufacture a colossal sculpture of the god Helios. It remained more than 30 meters high creation it probably the tallest sculpture of the antiquated world. The beacon of Alexandria This is a pinnacle worked in third century, on the Pharos Island in Egypt to fill in as the Islands land mark. It is trusted it was demolished on account of a seismic tremor in 1303 AD. End The incredible pyramids are utilized for research; this exploration is done to know the historical backdrop of the old Egypt. By examining these pyramids one becomes more acquainted with the lifestyle, culture and convictions of the Egyptian.

Analysis of Neoclassical and Romantic Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Investigation of Neoclassical and Romantic Art - Essay Example He generally worked with chronicled compositions and representations. Picture of Colonel Guy Johnson speaks to the British magistrate of Indian Affairs in the American province. Close to him is spoken to a figure with the harmony pipe in his grasp, difference to the Englishman, holding a firearm. Out of sight we can see an enormous cascade, Niagara. In the image, the figure of the colonel is featured, while the native is covered up in the shadow. Along these lines, the painter contrasts lit up psyche to the human progress situated in the murkiness of obliviousness culture. As a rule the two pictures speak to the soul of â€Å"antiquity†. â€Å"Visions of Antiquity expands our comprehension of neoclassicism.† (Pagel, D., 1993). The image of Francisco Goya is unquestionably a portrayal of sentimental Art. â€Å"In Romantic craftsmanship, natureâ€with its wild force, capriciousness, and potential for disastrous extremesâ€offered an option in contrast to the arranged universe of Enlightenment thought.† (Galitz, K. C., 2000). Looking at two pictures, we can see that they are acted in a similar shading design. The creators for the most part utilize dull foundation and light things of shutting so as to feature the characters. Fit as a fiddle, the two pictures are introduced in two dimensional regions, isolating the pictures of the characters from the encompassing scene by the imperceptible limits. Discussing space, the creators utilized the strategy for cover so as to make individuals on the photos closer to the watcher. Thinking about the workmanship standards, it is important to express that the components of visual computerization are communicated in a unified and agreeable manner. The equalizatio n is uncovered through the relative situation of the principle components. The predominance is made by methods for the differentiating figures on the primary spot and the components behind. Pagel, G. Workmanship REVIEW: A Progressive Definition of Neoclassicism in Visions: LACMAs

Mountain Child poetry analysis Essay Example For Students

Mountain Child verse investigation Essay Put has capably intertwined a few wonderful methods and conventional components, for example, request and symbolism all through the sonnet to advance accentuation these significant topical concerns. The writer utilizes exemplification and the all-inclusive representation of mountain symbolism to remark on the effect of innovative headway on nature and conventional ways of life. The deliberate redundancy of mountain symbolism is intelligent of the recurrent idea of the natural procedures. The steady emphasis of the mountain gives the entire sonnet a smoother, progressively cadenced structure, in spite of its free section structure. The auxiliary structure passes on a quiet and tranquil tone to perusers, yet this Is altogether disturbed In the last two lines by the sanctioned imagery of the plane, which Is illustrative of how progresses In innovation have debased the smooth progression of nature. These last not many lines additionally show how innovation can look like nature, yet the mountain kid can't recognize the two, showing the blamelessness and virtue of this condition without it being dirtied by present day improvements. The writers exemplification of the mountain by portraying its feet, lap, and hurrying nature infers to perusers that the sub-content of the sonnet is about sentiments and encounters that are intrinsically human. Besides the picture of the mountain, a characteristic landforms which has created after some time, is allegorical of the manner by which social conventions and customs additionally change, create and develop through the course of time. Nonetheless, in this occasion the plane is maybe, at that point, agent of people groups dread of present day impacts polluting their old propensities. Putts use of certain beautiful gadgets, for example, a comparison and strict suggestions all through the sonnet Is successful In accentuating the apathetically and security of customary way of life in the mountains. The continually rehashed reference to he mountain youngster speaks to how the bigger, more established mountains, could be representative of a maternal figure. By the utilization of lines, for example, plays in the lap of the mountain the nearness of a nurturing character in the conventions of the mountain way of life is additionally focused. What's more, the artist has utilized references to strict parts of life all through the sonnet to feature Eastern convictions and customs profoundly signifying mountains as streets to progress. These convictions are allegorically spoken to as the pathways to a significant objective or aspiration in the analogy to rise like a mountain, to rather accentuation the way of life of this district. This type of tangible symbolism is utilized to cause to notice the idea that the mountain youngster is figuratively ready to develop until It has arrived at the pinnacle of presence or accomplished an extreme target. All in all, the most Important ideas tended to In this sonnet are the impact of mechanical movement on nature and customary lifestyle and, the straightforwardness and security of life inside the mountain condition. Put has used expected messages and viably impart to the crowd the delicate, free nature of the mountains.

Medis Effect on Violence in children essays

Medis Effect on Violence in kids articles There is proof that advances the view that enemy of social conduct can be advanced by the media. A portion of the impacts are fleeting and others will fluctuate contingent upon whether the counter social conduct is appeared all alone or not. Rough computer games and TV are the primary wellsprings of media brutality. On TV there is almost no hostility by and large. The Gerbner Studies (1970s and 1980s) found that in childrens TV programs 20 fierce acts for every hour happened. Since 1967, the level of rough projects has not expanded yet the quantity of vicious acts per program has expanded. Halloran and Croll (1972) found that brutality was a typical component on TV programs yet not as common on British as it was on American TV programs. Cumberbatch (1987) bolstered this, finding 30% of projects had brutality in them however just 1% of TV is savage generally speaking. Gunter and Harrison (1995) said that savagery just possesses a modest extent of TV in barely any projects. They found that 1% of earthbound TV was savage and less that, 2% on satellite TV was brutal. Out and out there isn't particularly savagery on TV however what there is by all accounts concentrated to a couple of projects which if little youngsters are presented to could be harming to them intellectually particularly in later lif e. = In a longitudinal report by Lefkowitz et al. (1972), an inclination for TV savagery at 8 years old was seen as identified with animosity at a similar age. More established kids (17-18 years of age) who favored savagery on TV were not progressively forceful. On the off chance that an inclination for TV brutality was found at 8 years of age, at that point this was seen as identified with savagery at 18 years of age, however an inclination at 18 for TV viciousness was not seen as identified with early hostility. This shows presenting more youthful youngsters to savagery on TV in prior life can have long haul just as transient impacts on the kid. Australian research has demonstrated that there is no huge connection betw... <!

The Indigo Spell Chapter Twelve Free Essays

string(42) minimal terrible about taking Eddie from Jill. I FELT LIKE A FAILURE when I conveyed Ms. Terwilliger the news before classes the following day. She let me know, her face pale and troubling, that there was nothing I could’ve done. We will compose a custom article test on The Indigo Spell Chapter Twelve or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now In any case, I didn’t know whether I accepted that. I despite everything castigated myself with indistinguishable inquiries from the previous evening. Imagine a scenario where I hadn’t went through the earlier day with Marcus. Imagine a scenario in which I hadn’t invested so much energy ensuring the Mustang was dealt with. Imagine a scenario in which I hadn’t been occupied with an enormous open presentation of friendship on the floor with Adrian. I’d let individual issues meddle, and now a young lady had paid with her life. I needed to play hooky and caution the others promptly, however Ms. Terwilliger guaranteed me that Veronica wouldn’t have the option to take care of so rapidly. She revealed to me holding until some other time in the day would be fine. I gave a hesitant gesture and came back to my work area, figuring I’d attempt to peruse until class began. I didn’t hope to have a lot of achievement. â€Å"Miss Melbourne?† she called. I looked back and saw that her miserable articulation had helped up a bit. She nearly looked entertained, which appeared to be odd, given the circumstance. â€Å"Yes, ma’am?† â€Å"You should take care of your neck.† I was completely lost. â€Å"My neck?† She ventured into her satchel and gave me a minimized mirror. I opened it and studied my neck, despite everything attempting to make sense of what she could be discussing. At that point I saw it. A little, earthy purple wound on my neck. â€Å"What on earth is that?† I shouted. Ms. Terwilliger grunted. â€Å"Although it’s been some time for me, I accept the specialized term is a hickey† She delayed and angled an eyebrow. â€Å"You do realize what that is, don’t you?† â€Å"Of course I know!† I brought down the mirror. â€Å"But there’s no chance †I mean, we scarcely †that is †â€Å" She held up a hand to quietness me. â€Å"You don’t need to legitimize your private life to me. Be that as it may, you should consider how you can really keep it hidden in the following fifteen minutes.† I was basically out of my seat before she completed the process of talking. At the point when I rose up out of the structure, I had the stunning fortune to discover the grounds transport simply pulling up. I rushed onto it, and despite the fact that the ride to my dormitory just took a couple of moments, it felt like until the end of time. At the same time, my brain reeled with what had occurred. I have a hickey. I let Adrian Ivashkov give me a hickey. How on the planet had that occurred? The staggering news about Lynne had permitted me to disregard the full effect of my tactlessness, however there was no keeping away from that now. Contrary to each guideline I had, I’d permitted myself to get brought into kissing Adrian. Furthermore, not simply kissing. Pondering the manner in which our bodies had been squeezed together caused me to feel as flushed as I had the previous evening. No, no, no! I couldn’t consider that. I needed to overlook it had occurred. I expected to ensure it didn’t happen once more. What had come over me? I didn’t feel the manner in which he felt about me. He was Moroi. Furthermore, regardless of whether he hadn’t been, he was without a doubt the most unsatisfactory person for me on the planet. I required somebody genuine, somebody with the possibility to find a new line of work that had health advantages. Somebody like Brayden. Better believe it, how’d that work out for you, Sydney? What occurred with Adrian had been off-base. It had clearly been some curved demonstration of desire, most likely welcomed on in light of the fact that he was so illegal. That was it. Ladies succumbed to that sort of thing. When I’d looked into relationship books, I’d seen one called Bad Boys and the Women Who Love Them. I’d disregarded it on the grounds that Brayden was essentially something contrary to a terrible kid. Possibly it would merit getting that book now. A fire in obscurity. I expected to overlook that Adrian had ever considered me that. I needed to. We had one more moment before we would arrive at my dormitory, so I sent a snappy book to Adrian: I have a hickey! You can’t ever kiss me again. I sincerely hadn’t anticipated that him should be alert this early so I was astounded to get a reaction: Okay. I won’t kiss you on your neck once more. So average of him. No! You can’t ever kiss me ANYWHERE. You said you were going to stay away. I’m attempting, he composed back. Be that as it may, you won’t stay away from me. I didn’t elevate that with a reaction. At the point when we arrived at my residence, I asked the driver to what extent she’d hold up before coming back to primary grounds. â€Å"I’m leaving right now,† she said. â€Å"Please,† I asked. â€Å"Wait sixty seconds. I’ll pay you.† She looked irritated. â€Å"I don’t take bribes.† Be that as it may, when I ran pull out of the dormitory †in a scarf †she was still there. I made it back to Ms. Terwilliger’s class similarly as the ringer rang. She flashed me a realizing look however said nothing regarding my closet change. While I was in class, I got a content from Marcus. Would you be able to meet today? San Bernardino, 4 p.m. Indeed, he’d cautioned me about short notification. San Bernardino was an hour away. I’d surrendered Eddie a heads about the gathering happening this week, and he’d consented to go. I just trusted he didn’t have anything arranged this evening. I messaged back that we’d be there, and Marcus sent me a location. At the point when class finished, a young lady from my English class grabbed my eye and inquired as to whether she could get a few notes since she’d been out wiped out yesterday. Eddie was passed when I got done with her, so I didn’t get an opportunity to get some information about San Bernardino until lunch. â€Å"Sure,† he stated, snapping into that wild gatekeeper mode. Jill definitely thought about our task in light of the fact that I’d educated Adrian concerning it. I felt a little awful about taking Eddie from Jill. You read The Indigo Spell Chapter Twelve in classification Article models Okay, downright terrible. Evacuating Eddie was a genuine hazard, however I advised myself that he wasn’t consistently with her each and every second. Some of the time it was unthinkable, which was the reason we’d gained Angeline. In any case, on the off chance that anybody in the Alchemists discovered I was utilizing her primary protector for individual tasks, I’d be in a tough situation. All things considered, really, I’d likely be in a tough situation in any case, seeing as I was meeting with a gathering of dissidents. I went to Angeline, who was attempting to decode a few notes about the quadratic condition. â€Å"Angeline, you have to remain with Jill until we’re back,† I said. â€Å"And you should both in reality simply remain in your residence, to be additional safe. Don’t meander campus.† Jill acknowledged this, yet Angeline turned upward with apprehension. â€Å"I’m expected to meet Trey for math. How would you anticipate that me should pass?† I was defenseless against a scholarly contention. â€Å"Study in the quarters entryway. That ought to be sufficiently protected. Jill can simply do schoolwork with you.† Angeline didn’t appear to be completely satisfied about that other option, however she didn’t fight it. She began to come back to her notes and afterward did a twofold take. â€Å"Why are you wearing that scarf?† she inquired. â€Å"It’s so hot today.† It was valid. The unseasonable temperatures had returned. Eddie, amazingly, stated, â€Å"I pondered the equivalent thing.† â€Å"Oh, um . . . † Please don’t become flushed, it would be ideal if you don’t redden, I requested myself. â€Å"I’ve simply been cold today.† â€Å"That’s weird,† said Jill, impeccably dull. â€Å"For somebody who consistently is by all accounts so chilly, you sure can heat up pretty fast.† It was straight out of Adrian’s playbook. Jill knew flawlessly well why I had on the scarf, and I gave her an admonition look. Eddie and Angeline showed up totally perplexed. I stood up, despite the fact that I’d scarcely contacted my nourishment. Presumably none of them would locate that odd. â€Å"Well, I’ve got the opportunity to go. I’ll discover you later, Eddie.† I rushed off before any of them could address me further. I’d been somewhat reluctant to let Eddie in on Marcus. Eddie unquestionably wasn’t going to turn Marcus or me in to the Alchemists for sideline plotting. That being stated, I additionally didn’t need Eddie to think the Alchemists were associated with odious plans against the Moroi. That may in all likelihood be something Eddie would transfer back to his own kin, which could thusly cause a wide range of political issues. Indeed, even this trace of the Alchemists possibly being in contact with the Warriors was risky. I concluded that having Eddie as security merited the danger of him hearing something he shouldn’t. He was my companion, and I confided in him. In any case, I needed to give him a little foundation data as we made the drive to San Bernardino. â€Å"Who are these individuals exactly?† he inquired. â€Å"Ex-Alchemists,† I said. â€Å"They don’t like all the methods and formality and simply need to collaborate with Moroi and dhampirs all alone terms.† â€Å"That doesn’t sound so bad.† I could hear alert in his voice. Eddie was no moron. â€Å"Why do you need me along?† â€Å"I just don’t think a lot about them. I think their expectations are acceptable, however we’ll see.† I thought cautiously on the most proficient method to state my next words. I needed to surrender him a heads. â€Å"They’ve got a great deal of paranoid ideas. Some even, um, think there may be Alchemists working with Warriors.† â€Å"What?† It was a marvel Eddie’s jaw wasn’t on the floor. â€Å"They don’t have any hard proof,† I included rapidly. â€Å"They’ve got a Warrior young lady who spies for them. She thinks she o

Affirmative Action and Workforce Research Assignment - 825 Words

Affirmative Action and Workforce Research Assignment (Essay Sample) Content: Affirmative Action and WorkforceNameInstitutionAffirmative Action and WorkforceAffirmative Action refers to the Civil Rights Movement enacted in 1960 to offer equal prospects to women, disabled and the minority groups in both employment and education. Primarily, its emphasis was more on the opportunity such that it would create programs to break down both visible and invisible barriers and level the playing field for everyone to access equal break. Although this action was not specifically meant to Action and guarantee equal results; women, African Americans and individuals with disabilities would be represented in the nations workforce. Therefore, this essay seeks to answer the question as to whether Affirmative Action has consistently and effectively generated a more productive and robust workforce.In the last forty years, Affirmative Action has made a significant progress in the past generation. The majority of women and minorities have had greater access to opport unities in the business world although the plan needs to progress such actions such that each will have an equal shot at fair compensation and higher-level jobs. Additionally, the Supreme Court backed up the plan pointing out that the majority of skills and expertise needed in the global marketplace can only be achieved through exposure to widely diverse culture, ideas, and people. Affirmative Action has also expanded the talent pool where business have grown and developed in the past years. Most companies have acknowledged that diverse workforce encompassing both women and minorities has led to heightened productivity and performance. For example , the Bipartisan Glass Ceiling Commission pointed out that organizations that were dedicated to promoting and hiring the less advantaged in the society have had higher annualized returns compared to those with intact glass ceilings (Harris, 2009). Apart from this progress, the organization has also been rewarded with the expansion of innov ative ideas and markets. For this reason, a majority of executive companies have supported the use of Affirmative Action programs for the good of their businesses. Despite this progress, much needs to be done because a number of drastic inequalities still exist in salary and hiring practices. For instance, on average, a college educated African-American woman will earn an annual salary of $19,054 less compared to a college educated white woman (Bunchflower, 2009). On the same note, woman with a masters degree tends to make $4,765 less compared to a man with a master's degree.Subsequently, Affirmative Action has enacted laws that have encouraged contractors and government agencies to perform business with some of the women-owned companies and provide financial, technical and management assistance to women business owners. According to one of the government studies, women have made a greater gain in employment companies connected with the federal government. Resultantly, female employ ment rose up to 15.2% at federal contractors (Bunchflower, 2009). On the same note, the research indicated that state outworkers had hired more females in better paying jobs and higher levels compared to other firms. Next, majority of individual companies have avowed that Affirmative Action plan has had a tremendous effect on women in the workforce. For instance, after International Business Machine (IBM) set up one of the Affirmative Action strategy, the number of female managers and officials seem to have augmented within a span of ten years. Similarly, communal pledge of minorities and woman aided Corning and Motorola to represent people of color in the upper-level management and double the number of their black and female employees. Women-owned trades and organizations have also benefited greatly from the plan because from 1987, their businesses have amplified to over 100%. Presently, there are almost nine million businesses owned by females that have employed more than twenty-s even million workers (Harris, 2009).Even though the majority of women and minorities have continued to support Affirmative Action in the past forty years, a growing number of them admit that the benefits may not be worth. They have the perception that their success in the workforce seem to be unearned. Overall, women and minorities continue to hold some of the vastly lower-paying jobs and are actively d...

Essay Writing Service For College and High School Students

Essay Writing Service For College and High School StudentsA few years ago, when most high school students struggled with their personal achievement essays, you would have had to search far and wide for the right type of essay writing service. You may have found a handful of samples that showed you how to write an essay but many more had a big name in the industry. A large chunk of them would have been able to write a whole host of essays at once, which is much more complicated than it sounds.This process can be avoided by simply looking at different high school courses online that cover a lot of the same topics. It is also good to be aware of how good it feels to finish something by yourself. This type of feeling is often better than writing on a project where you are required to create a business plan or outline a presentation that can be read as a whole.The standard type of essay samples that you find online might not exactly suit the needs of your college application and high scho ol grade essays. In fact, some of them could even ruin your life as a high school student if you were ever accepted to a particular college. In these situations, you need to find an original sample of your own and tweak it to fit your requirements. There are actually a number of things that you will need to consider before you write and send your essay.One of the things you will have to decide on is the format of your personal achievement essay samples. An example of this is if you are going to have the introduction and conclusion included in the same document. You need to make sure that the majority of your sample has these two sections or else your essay may suffer from such rigidity.The other important thing you need to decide on is how you are going to discuss your background. If you were the eldest son of an alcoholic, you will want to use a historical example to illustrate what went wrong as opposed to showing off how great your success was.Many students want to talk about why they want to work at the company or with the company in the future so you will have to think carefully about the type of companies you want to work with in the future. Again, there are several websites that list these companies, but it is best to make a list of those that sound like a good fit. This will help you form the basis of your essay for the college application and you should consider having a separate one for each company.Most students who want to apply to college or university do not feel comfortable enough to work on their personal achievement essay samples themselves and even though you might get a couple of free samples, you will always want to make sure that you are using samples that are completely original. This will ensure that you are providing a unique essay for each employer.

Overpopulation The Only True Environmental Problem Essay

In today’s society that we live in, there are countless of environmental problems that we face, such as global warming, fishing, pollution, and many other topics of that matter. These issues have affected our environment for the worse and have caused problems physically and economically. Yet, out of all the issues that effects our world on a daily basis, it is shown that overpopulation is one if not, is our biggest issue in our environment that is only getting worse due time, especially due to the rapid growth of the human population and the limited resources that are left on earth that we absolutely need to tend to our growing population. Even Dr. Charles A. Hall, who is a systems ecologist, states that, â€Å"Overpopulation is the only†¦show more content†¦The characteristic of acid rain is when it falls; it tends to eat away anything it particularly lands on. Damages can range from a variety of things such as weather, soil, and the cycles of a bunch of animals and plants. Acid rain also tends to contaminate lakes and even drinkable water which can be unhealthy for people in those areas where acid rain contaminates bodies of water. If acid rain contaminates the drinking water, it could potentially get people sick and take lives. Acid Rain has countless of effects that can directly negatively affect humans and our environment. Overpopulation has also increased industrial development, which goes hand to hand with higher living though, the increase in industry development will take away the amount of freshwater that would be available due to the continuous dumping of industrial waste being dumped into fresh water, also, in having a major increase in industrial development, we end up causing a major decrease in natural wildlife sue to the fact of building over open spots in nature to expand. Increase in industrial development would also cause hi living standards which generally makes people want to consume more resources which then creates even m ore waste and tends to increases the life expectancy which gives a negative effect on tryingShow MoreRelatedOverpopulation Is Not The Problem1395 Words   |  6 Pages Overpopulation Overpopulation is a prominent controversial topic among society, in which some believe the exponential growth of humanity is detrimental to its future, whereas others conclude this theory is a myth due to human nature and resources. In Isaac Asimov’s, â€Å"The Case Against Man†, he elucidated the verity of overpopulation, emphasizing that the disproportion of earth’s carrying capacity and its resources will inevitably lead to humanity’s demise. Introducing the notion thatRead MoreConsumption Overpopulation and Its Effects on the Environment1082 Words   |  5 PagesConsumption Overpopulation Think about a sign that says EARTH Max Capacity 10 billion. 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Concern about overpopulationRead MoreThe Population Problem Essay1424 Words   |  6 PagesThe Population Problem Imagine a world where there isnt enough clean water to drink and there isnt ample food to eat. We have used up most of the resources that we require to survive. What little that is left is so polluted that it is not fit to be used. Is this our future? What are we doing to keep this from happening? We recycle, we ride our bikes, we compost, but is this enough? It is up to us to find a cure to the ailment that is destroying our planet. We only have one Earth to sustainRead MoreEffects of Climate Change Essay1095 Words   |  5 Pagesrelocate to Wisconsin we will face similar, if not more severe problems, as what illegal immigration causes. In a world which is already overpopulated, the last thing we want to do is take away land that is used for both human habitation and the production of crops and livestock, while still continuing to multiply at the same rate. This is exactly what global climate change is causing. There are three key areas that overpopulation will affect; the environment, Earth’s sustainability, and the impactRead More Overpopulation of the Earth Essay1698 Words   |  7 PagesOverpopulation of the Earth The little animatronic children at Disney World were right, it is â€Å"a small world after all†; maybe even too small. At the beginning of the present century there were approximately 1.7 billion people in the world(Southwick pg.159). Today, there are nearly 6 billion people in the world. The world’s population has more than tripled in the span of a hundred years. Given that the earth’s population is constantly on the rise and seeing as how our natural resources areRead MorePopulation Control. Overpopulation Is Defined As The â€Å"Condition1482 Words   |  6 PagesPopulation Control Overpopulation is defined as the â€Å"condition of having a population so dense as to cause environmental deterioration, an impaired quality of life, or a population crash† (Merriam-Webster). A similar way to think of this is if there are 10 people in a small elevator, it is going to feel congested and cramped. The people will be uncomfortable and they won’t be content with the current situation. This would be an impaired quality of life. If this is related to the environmental term, thenRead MoreOverpopulation and Environmental Problems1008 Words   |  5 PagesOverpopulation is becoming a leading environmental problem in which resources are becoming depleted faster than are being created. Hoevel explains, â€Å"Overpopulation occurs when a population’s density exceeds the capacity of the environment to supply the health requirements of an individual† (Hoevel 1). This means that after a population has overused the resources in an area, the environment will no longer be able to support them, and there lies the problem with overpopulation. Wenner explains, â€Å"SustainabilityRead MoreThe Term Sustainability in The Brundtland Report in 1987 Essay649 Words   |  3 PagesImpending climate change, overpopulation, poverty, depletion of resources, biodiversity loses, pollution, food security, economic crises and countless other issues are all traceable back to mankind’s unsustainable practices. Sustainability has often been deemed the only feasible approach to providing mankind with a worthwhile future. The term â€Å"sustainability† has gained considerable support since its publication in the Brundtland Report in 1987. The acceptance of the report by the United NationsRead MoreEssay on Pet Overpopulation1647 Words   |  7 PagesPet Overpopulation A pack of dogs is playing in a ditch which is in the middle of a busy road. Some people in the cars look to see if the dogs owner is nearby and wonder why anyone would allow their dogs to play so close to danger. Some drivers seem oblivious to the motley assortment romping in the water next to the road. They all keep driving without another thought for the safety or lives of those poor creatures. Unfortunately, this is a common scene in many areas. Unwanted dogs and

Magnificence by Estrella Alfon - 5402 Words

MAGNIFICENCE by Estrella Alfon There was nothing to fear, for the man was always so gentle, so kind. At night when the little girl and her brother were bathed in the light of the big shaded bulb that hung over the big study table in the downstairs hall, the man would knock gently on the door, and come in. He would stand for a while just beyond the pool of light, his feet in the circle of illumination, the rest of him in shadow. The little girl and her brother would look up at him where they sat at the big table, their eyes bright in the bright light, and watch him come fully into the light, a dark little man with protuberant lips, his eyes glinting in the light, but his voice soft, his manner slow. He would smell faintly of sweat and†¦show more content†¦Thank him, their mother called. The little boy smiled and said, Thank You. And the little girl smiled and said, Thank You, too. But the man said, are you not going to kiss me for those pencils? They both came forward, the little girl and the little boy, a nd they both made to kiss him but Vicente slapped the boy smartly on his lean hips, and said, Boys do not kiss boys. And the little boy laughed and scampered away, and then ran back and kissed him anyway. The little girl went up to the man shyly, put her arms about his neck as he crouched to receive her embrace, and kissed him on the cheeks. The man’s arms suddenly tightened about the little girl until the little girl squirmed out of his arms, and laughed a little breathlessly, disturbed but innocent, looking at the man with a smiling little question of puzzlement. The next evening, he came around again. All through that day, they had been very proud in school showing off their brand new pencils. All the little girls and boys had been envying them. And their mother had finally to tell them to stop talking about the pencils, pencils, for now that they had, the boy two, and the girl three, they were asking their mother to buy more, so they could each have five, and three at least in the jumbo size that the little girl’s third pencil was. Their mother said, Oh stop it, what will you do with so many pencils, you can only write with one at a time. And the little girl muttered under her breath, I’llShow MoreRelatedMagnificence: Writing and Vicente1141 Words   |  5 PagesI. Title: MAGNIFICENCE II. Author: Estrella D. Alfon Biography Estrella Alfon was born in San Nicolas, Cebu City on March 27, 1917. She went to medical school to finish her medicinal studies but when she was misdiagnosed for having tuberculosis, she had to withdraw from her studies. She finished her education with a degree in Associate of Arts instead. She became the first and only female member of the Veronicans, a group of writers in the 1930s, prior to the Second World War, ledRead MoreLife and Works of Estrella Alfon7175 Words   |  29 PagesMANDAUE EBENEZER ALLIANCE ACADEMY INC. M.L. QUEZON STREET , MAGUIKAY , MANDAUE CITY TERM PAPER IN ENGLISH SUBMITTED BY : ROLLY A. COLINA SUBMITTED TO : MR. LESLIE T. ONES i. ABSTRACT ii. INTRODUCTION Estrella D. Alfon  (July 18, 1917 – December 28, 1983) was a well-known prolific Filipina author who wrote in English. Because of continued poor health, she could manage only an A. A. degree from the  University of the Philippines. She then became a member of the U. P. writers club and earned

Essay on History of Eating Disorders - 872 Words

Over time, many diseases and famines have spread across the globe. In the modern, developed world, different, yet equally severe, problems have arisen. One of the leading complications in today’s society is eating disorders. These relentless disturbances are known for being lethal and for ravaging the world. First off, an eating disorder is defined as the â€Å"deadliest mental illness†, according to the Victorian of Newport Beach. It is primarily associated with three major types of disorders: Anorexia Nervosa, Binge Eating, and Bulimia Nervosa. Each sickness has its own side effects, as they all involve different methods of consumption, but all can result in death due to heart failure. The first disorder listed, Anorexia Nervosa, or simply†¦show more content†¦These acts of exclusion are classified as the earliest known methods of bulimia. Thorough studies based on the illnesses were not conducted until 1689, when the first case of anorexia supposedly appeared. The case was disregarded, as religion in that time period promoted fasting over a course of days. Soon after, however, anyone found to be abstaining from nourishment was convicted of witchcraft and burned. Those drastic acts hindered the spread of anorexia, but only for a short period of time. Between the years 1 970-1980, anorexia and other eating disorders spread like a wild fire across America and, as a result, the world (Cowley). Eating disorders were rarely heard of before the 1980s, but after that, they exploded everywhere. With the media constantly depicted â€Å"perfect† bodies, people have set unrealistic expectations for themselves. It is estimated that approximately 36 million women have an eating disorder. Over 5 million of those women are American. Although eating disorders know no boundaries, the majority of the people whom contract either of these illnesses are females ages 15-24. The most common eating disorder is binge eating, affecting about 3.5% of all women and 2% of all men. As the number of those affected continues to increase, so does to mortality rate. As mentioned before, eating disorders are the deadliest mental illness and are 12 times more deadly than all causes of death in females 15-24 years ofShow MoreRelatedLack Of Eating Disorder History2018 Words   |  9 PagesLack of eating disorder history The purpose of this study (Vaughan Fotus, 2003) was to assess the relationship between girl’s media exposure and their development of eating disorder symptomatology. This study consisted of two phases conducted within a gap of 16 months. The original number of recruits were 479 female students from nine elementary and middle schools but due to certain factors such as relocation and incomplete data only 374 students with a mean age of 12 participated in this examRead More The Cause of Eating Disorders Essay591 Words   |  3 PagesThe Cause of Eating Disorders Although the causes are many and varied, we know that people with eating disorders often use food and the control of food in an attempt to compensate for feelings and emotions that may otherwise seem overwhelming. For some, dieting, bingeing and purging may begin as a way to cope with painful emotions and a way to feel in control of ones life, but ultimately, these behaviors will damage a persons physical and emotional health, self-esteem and sense of competenceRead MoreEnvironmental Factors And Biological Factors That Predispose People Habits And Behaviors Of Eating Disorders1679 Words   |  7 PagesPredispose People to Habits and Behaviors of Eating Disorders Brittany N. Rehberg GCC Abstract There is a direct correlation between environmental factors and the development of eating disorders. Issues, such as bullying and skeptical comments, have been largely ignored. This thesis will attempt to show that biological as well as environmental issues correlate with a variety of eating disorders. Eating disorders would be Anorexia, Bulimia, and Binge Eating. When environmental and biological factorsRead MoreEssay on Childhood Sexual Abuse and Eating Disorders1579 Words   |  7 PagesAbuse and Eating Disorders Recently, a great amount of psychological literature has focused on finding biological and genetic causes of mental illnesses and disorders, including eating disorders. However, according to recent twin studies, the heritability component of eating disorders may only account for 0% to 70% of the variance (Fairburn, Cowen, Harrison, 1999). The leaves an ample amount of room for speculation of possible environmental risk factors for eating disorders. In thisRead MoreA Study On Eating Pathology Among Latinas Essay1134 Words   |  5 PagesTHEORETICAL PROPOSITIONS There is a lack of studies that investigate the eating pathology among Latinas even though there is evidence that a binge eating component (i.e. binge eating disorder, bulimia nervosa) is more prevalent among Latinas compared with other races. For those who are engaged in binge eating tend to have unrealistic high expectations for themselves, which often are difficult to achieve. When the individual, in this case a Latina, has fallen short of these high expectations,Read MoreBinge Eating Disorder ( Bed )1453 Words   |  6 PagesBinge Eating Disorder Binge eating disorder (BED) is a psychiatric condition characterized by the consumption of large quantities of food in a specific amount of time, and feeling out of control while eating. BED also involves feelings of guilt and shame after binging but is not accompanied by compensatory behaviors, such as purging or vomiting. Binge eating is described by â€Å"eating at a fast pace, eating until feeling uncomfortably full, eating when not feeling hungry, eating alone to hide the amountRead More Eating Disorders And Substance Abuse Essay1636 Words   |  7 PagesEating Disorders And Substance Abuse Common Eating Disorders: The two most common eating disorders are bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa. Both disorders, primarily affect young women, therefore the majority of the research on eating disorders has been done with women subjects. The onset of bulimia is between adolescence and early adulthood while the onset of anorexia is between early and late adolescence. Not only is the onset different but the disorders are unique. Bulimia nervosa isRead MoreStudents With Eating Disorders1728 Words   |  7 Pagesbut that is exactly what eating disorders are, for these students and for anyone who has an eating disorder death is one of the most undeniable and likely outcomes. This is not what the â€Å"normal† or â€Å"typical† college student looks like, but eating disorders affect a large population of the higher education population; and overlooking the importance of this sub-culture could and has had an impact on any and every institution across the nation. Student with eating disorders is a sub culture studentRead MoreTypes Of Perfectionism And Levels Of Recovery From Eating Disorders740 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction The research study examined possible correlations between various types of perfectionism and levels of recovery from eating disorders. The researchers conducted their experiment by comparing different conceptions of perfectionism across a healthy control group and fully recovered, partially recovered, and current (active) eating disorder groups. The researchers who conducted this experiment were Anna M. Bardone-Cone, PhD, Katrina Sturm, BA, Melissa A. Lawson, MD, Dr. Paul RobinsonRead MoreWhy Do Teens Suffer From Eating Disorders1596 Words   |  7 PagesOctober 20, 2015 Why Do Teens Suffer from Eating Disorders: Annotated Bib It is no new discovery that teenagers in America tend to have a conflict with eating disorders. This problematic issue tend to affect many young teens just as the people that surround them, those who care for them. People might stop to think why teens struggle so much with eating disorders or how can this issue be wiped out. The thing is people need to be well aware of eating disorders and there definition and try to find a

Women During The 19th Century - 1596 Words

Helen Keller once said, â€Å"I fall, I stand still†¦ I trudge on. I gain a little†¦ I get more eager and climb higher and begin to see the widening horizon. Every struggle is a victory. Keller’s ideas embody the change that occurs in women’s roles in American literature. The first writings of 16th century America contained little reference to women at all. In the early 19th century, women play somewhat larger roles but remain only in supporting roles until later in the century when a shift takes place and women now hold leading roles as the heroines of stories. Not only does the character’s role change, but also beginning in the 1800s, a continual shift occurs in the portrayal of women. Initially, women were portrayed as members of society who served as the man’s wife and remained silent influences to a man’s judgment. Eventually, this portrayal progressed to women of thought who desire to rebel from social norms. As women authors began writing about the suffrage they set internal fires in women that would cause an uproar and craving for change. Writer and social reformer, Charlotte Perkins Gilman was born on July 3, 1860, in Hartford, Connecticut. Gilman was a writer and social activist during the late 1800s and early 1900s. She had a difficult childhood. Her father, Frederick Beecher Perkins, abandoned the family, leaving Charlotte s mother to raise two children on her own. Gilman moved around a lot as a result and her education suffered greatly for it. Gilman’s upbringingShow MoreRelatedWomen During The 19th Century1350 Words   |  6 PagesMen and women play different roles in society. In the beginning of the 19th century, the gap between males and females was much larger than it is now. Back then men and women were usually assumed to have certain occupations. For example, in the 1950s women were â€Å"supposed† to become housewives and stay at home all day cleaning, cooking, or taking care of t heir children (Parry 1584). Men on the other hand, were suspected to go out and work all day doing whatever occupation they held. Due to the mediaRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century1171 Words   |  5 PagesConstantly throughout history women have had different roles in society from men. Women were thought of as the caregivers and were expected to stay at home, while men were hunters and worked in the business world. The position of women in America as drastically changed, especially when noting the evolution of women in the 17th century to women in the 19th century. Women in colonial america were expected to stay at home, but this changed when the Republican Mother, a strong figure that became empoweredRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century Essay1787 Words   |  8 PagesWomen during the 19th and 20th century did not live like how women lived nowadays, especially African-American women. Three women are excellent examples of this, although one woman is fictional, their experie nces and attitudes somehow coincide with each other. Two out of the three were slaves for several decades of their lives and were able to obtain their freedom before the occurrence of the Civil War. While the third woman was never a slave during her life, she was raised by her grandmotherRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century845 Words   |  4 Pagesthe ratio of men to women was 3:1. The population was largely made up of bachelors for the first years. Women in the 17th Century were considered completely inferior to men in almost all ways possible. The social customs and legal codes ensured that the majority of women in these colonies were unable to vote, preach, hold political office, attend public schools or colleges, start lawsuits, make contracts or own property (Shi Tindall, 2013, Pg. 111). Women of the 17th Century had extremely restrictedRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century1741 Words   |  7 Pagesto nurture and take care or create a family. Likewise, there were no spac es created for educating the woman but many women and families disagreed with this. As a result, the formation of schools for girls emerged but they only educated women in the socially acceptable occupation of teaching and in the 19th century, only unmarried women could be teachers. Another challenge for women advancing in higher education is the physiological inferiority placed upon them by the male dominated society. ManyRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century1111 Words   |  5 PagesBack in the 19th century, women were nothing more than maids and caretakers. Breaking their limitations was not a factor in their everyday lives. However Dorothea Dix had other beliefs. She believed that women could do more if they were as independent as their opposite sex. She perceived the idea that women could do so much more than just cleaning and cooking. With her powerful beliefs as her shield, Dix battled in the path to improved institutions as a humanitarian. She explored and encounteredRead MoreWomen During The 19th Century Essay1107 Words   |  5 PagesAlthough corsets at this time led to broken bones and a death in 1665 (Olsen 74), this garment was worn throughout the 18th century. During this period, Turkish harem women wore clothes most similar to ours. They wore cloaks over their chemise and loose trousers while also being veiled (Olsen 59). This era marked conservatism in women’s clothes. During the first-wave movement, fashion did not become dynamic until the 1900s. In 1851, dress reformers tried to popularize a pair of baggy pants beneathRead MoreWomen Struggles During The 19th Century923 Words   |  4 PagesENG 251- 02 25 September 2014 Women Struggles in the 19th Century Since the beginning of time women have struggled to prove themselves to society so that people understand they are just as good as men. However, society has made a mockery of women for years. Using women for sex appeal and for personal gains. Women were those who stayed home cleaning, took care of the children, and prepared meals for the family. This sounds quite familiar with today’s society, but women today aren’t only limited toRead MoreThe Role Of Women During The 19th Century782 Words   |  4 PagesWomen Then and Now The role of women have changed drastically throughout history. Women have had the opportunity to change their lives and live in their light and not the shadows of men. Between 1800 and 2000, women and young ladies have been treated completely different, however, there are similarities in the way women have been brought up. Married women in the 19th century (1800), were thought to be dependent of men, Some men even compared them to children. Young ladies learned to be a goodRead MoreWomen s Rights During The 19th Century1507 Words   |  7 PagesIn The 19th Century The 19th century was an important period for women especially in Europe and North America. It was a crucial time for demand for change and women were at the forefront of it all. Viewed only as a homemaker, women found it difficult during this time to show society what they were capable of. Limitations on their capabilities created by gender stereotypes called for change. To understand the significance of the 19th century for women, one must consider the conditions women were living

Position Paper on Reality for Mathematician- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about thePosition Paper on Reality for Mathematician. Answer: Reality, in the colloquial usage of the term, refers to the state of things that have a physical existence. Philosophers over the years have tried to explain the concept in a varied number of ways from different points of view. In the following paper is attempted a definition of reality that is based on the first and second meditations of Descartes. Rene Descartes, known as the father of modern Western philosophy, was a French philosopher, scientist and mathematician. One of his most celebrated texts, Meditations on First Philosophy published in the year 1641 in Latin, deals with the skeptic analysis of the term reality. The philosopher then tries to establish the beliefs that can be taken to be known with certainty. In the first of the six meditations, is found that the meditator discards all the beliefs that he had faith on during his lifespan till that particular time. The person tries to rebuild his beliefs, this time basing them on more definite arguments (Descartes 2013). In the second meditation, Descartes presents the concept of representationalism. According to the philosopher, a person can reach out to the world in an indirect manner through his own world of ideas, that include all that the mind contains ranging from perceptions, memories and images to beliefs, decisions, intentions and so on. The second meditation con tains the famous theory of Cogito Ergo Sum which translates into I think therefore I am and the wax argument (Hasdan 2017). The theory of Descartes may be objected from a number of varied viewpoints. The theory propounded by the philosopher faces objections regarding the issue of not being able to distinguish between the state of wakefulness and dreams. According to another famous philosopher, Thomas Hobbes, Descartes had identified thinking or intellect with the thing which understands (Adams 2014). Hobbes argues that in the famous argument of Descartes, cogito ergo sum which translates into I think therefore I am [existent], the second part of the proposition depends on the knowledge of the first proposition (Mori 2012). It may be observed that Hobbes had been appearing incoherent in the arguments against the theories of Descartes and is found misquoting them as well. Descartes responds in short replies to all these objections in a rather rude or curt manner. Descartes had replied to the first objection of Hobbes saying that the philosopher had never claimed to introduce novelties with the use of the dream theories, instead it was used to help prepare the minds of the readers for the study of intellectual things. The philosopher, in a response to Hobbess second objection by saying that he had not mentioned the act of understanding to be similar to the thing which understands. In lieu of the discussion, it may be said that Descartes theory of skepticism leads to formation of a mind that questions everything inclusive of its own existence. Reality is inclusive of both the present and the past and does not depend on the comprehensibility and observability of the matter. It does not take into consideration the states in which things might have been imagined or appeared. References Descartes, R., 2013.Meditations on first philosophy. Broadview Press. Hasdan, L.E., 2017. compos mentis.compos mentis, p.35. Adams, M.P., 2014. The wax and the mechanical mind: Reexamining Hobbes's objections to Descartes's Meditations.British Journal for the History of Philosophy,22(3), pp.403-424. Mori, G., 2012. Hobbes, Descartes, and ideas: A secret debate.Journal of the History of Philosophy,50(2), pp.197-212.

Market Rebels free essay sample

Hayagreeva Rao is a published author, scientist and professor in Princeton University. He has conducted research and provided guidance for companies like IBM, General Electric and British Petroleum, as well as not-for-profit organizations including the American Cancer Society, FBI and CIA. The majority of Rao’s works are in the fields of management and sociology, focusing on the role of collective action as a drive of organizational change. The main theme of the book is a critical analysis of the nature of innovations in our society and their implications for the economy. Nevertheless, I would not say that the analysis is systematic throughout – only in the first part Rao briefly touches upon his theoretical framework. He suggests that the success of any innovation depends on the social movement associated with this, introducing the important concepts of â€Å"hot causes† and â€Å"cool mobilization†. A â€Å"hot cause† is crucial because it provokes emotions and creates an identity by bringing the members of community together. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Rebels or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is not enough by itself, and â€Å"cool mobilization† acts as a support tool for the spark â€Å"engaging audiences in new behaviours and new experiences that are improvisational and insurgent†. After introducing these notions, the author pursues with six different case studies to support his argument, united by the idea of â€Å"joined hands of activists† that create, diffuse or block innovations. Even though providing such an extensive range of empirical evidence should be enough to convince a reader, the case studies are quite unbalanced. Some provide a huge amount of detail while others jump to conclusions without much explanation. It is interesting how the case of the successful cultural acceptance of a car is opposed to the failure of Segway. Both products could be described as â€Å"hot causes† because of their originality at the time. The important difference is that a car was made popular by the clubs of automobile enthusiasts and highly publicized reliability races, while there was no infrastructure or a â€Å"cool mobilization† in place for the establishment of a Segway. One striking case study also demonstrated how the lack of social engagement could undermine a product’s launch: the deaf rights movement slowed adoption of the cochlear implant. It was presented as an aid for the deaf children, however the opposition saw it as a threat to deaf culture and the sign language. Another case is telling the story about the American microbrewers who brought diversity back to beer after decades of secretly brewing the beverage at hobbyists’ homes. They represented the â€Å"cool mobilization†, while the bad taste of mass produced industrial beer was a â€Å"hot cause†. To summarize the series of these real life examples, the main point that Rao wants to show is that the social movements have an influence that cannot be ignored and deserve a place in any serious look at institutions that shape social change. I find it surprising that the author does not mention the Internet and digital innovation, as it is a big part of the modern society. But thanks to his arguments, one can assume that projects like Wikipedia have a limited lifespan. I suppose that its rebellion nature is a â€Å"hot cause† which will become irrelevant after a few years and a â€Å"cool mobilization† should appear in order to maintain involvement. Overall I find the book interesting, with all the industry background that the author provides. Even though one may say that his arguments are sometimes flawed and unjustified, it offers a different angle on the links between economics the society.

Psychiatric Illness Trisomy 18 or Edwards Syndrome

Introduction Trisomy 18 (also referred to as Edwards Syndrome) is a rare genetic disorder (Gilmore, 2009). It occurs when part of an individual’s chromosome 18 is duplicated. This causes the development of a third copy of chromosome 18. This genetic error usually occurs as a result of nondisjunction during the meiotic stage. As the name suggests, it was first coined by John Hilton Edwards. He described it in 1960.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Psychiatric Illness: Trisomy 18 or Edwards Syndrome specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This syndrome is among the most common type of Trisomy. It comes second after Down syndrome. Only one in about 6,000 cases survives to birth. Another statistic indicates that about 80% of the affected are female. The largest proportion of individuals with the condition dies even before birth. For those who survive to birth, most die within one month after birth. Another small proportion may survive for about one year. However, a few individuals may survive past the first year after birth. However, such individuals usually require appropriate treatment due to the various adverse effects associated with the condition. Older women are at high risk of conceiving such children. Those of ages 30 and above have a greater risk. Edwards syndrome manifests itself in several ways and affects the individual’s external and internal organs. Individuals with this syndrome have abnormally formed toes and fingers. Abnormalities are also seen in the way the ears, mouth, lips, and head are developed. Internal organs such as muscles, lungs, heart, and blood vessels are also abnormally developed. Apart from appearance, the cognitive abilities of children are affected. Learning is also greatly impaired since these individuals have psychiatric issues. Causes A normal human gene contains 23 pairs of chromosomes numbered 1 to 22. The 23rd pair usually contains the X-chrom osome and Y-chromosome. A newborn inherits a set of 23 chromosomes from either of the parents. In rare occasions, a genetic error may occur during the development of the sperm cell or the ovum. When the offspring is conceived with either of these cells, it may inherit a different number of chromosomes. In the case of Trisomy 18, the newborn inherits an additional chromosome. As a result, three copies of the chromosome appear. This may occur in different forms. Most of the children with this disorder are full trisomies. A small percentage of individuals are mosaic trisomies (Banka, Metcalfe, Clayton-Smith, 2013).Advertising Looking for term paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Such individuals have the extra chromosome appearing in only some of the cells. Other cases are due to translocations. In such a case, only a portion of the extra chromosome appears. These cases are usually hereditary. Consequences Trisomy 18 is usually fatal. Most babies with this condition die even before birth. Thirty percent of the newborns die within the same month. Very few live long enough to celebrate their first birthday. Edwards syndrome manifests itself in various ways. The manifestations may be external or internal. Most babies with the syndrome appear weak. They are also usually underweight. The babies may also have abnormally small heads. The ears may show malformation and are usually low-set. The mouth and jaws of such children are usually small. Some develop cleft lips. The hands of the babies with the conditions are abnormally formed since they tend to clench into fists. Many have overlapping fingers. Some develop clubfeet with toes that are fused or webbed. Apart from external abnormalities, babies with Edwards Syndrome may also develop malformed internal body organs. For example, the lungs and diaphragm may be abnormally developed. In most occasions, the blood vessels of such individuals may be malformed. Several congenital heart diseases may also develop in such individuals. Examples include Atrial Septic Defect and Ventricular Septal Defect. Male individuals may have abnormally formed urogenital systems. Others have malformed kidneys. Another consequence of the condition may be manifested in the form of inguinal and umbilical hernia. Due to issues with muscle tone and abnormalities with the nervous system, the motor skills of such individuals may be affected (Baty, Jorde, Blackburn, Carey, 1994). This could lead to curvature of the spine. This condition is also referred to as scoliosis. Due to the same problem, esotropia may develop. This is the case whereby the eyes appear crossed. What makes things worse is the fact that medical interventions, such as surgeries may be impossible to use due to issues with cardiac health. Constipation may be a life-long issue for an individual with Edwards Syndrome. This is solely due to the poor abdominal muscle tone. This is usual ly a source of discomfort, distress, and may cause feeding problems.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on Psychiatric Illness: Trisomy 18 or Edwards Syndrome specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For this reason, treatment is recommended for this issue. Examples of remedies include the use of special milk formulas and stool softening medication. However, enema is strongly discouraged because it may alter fluid body composition. Individuals with Trisomy 18 may also show severe developmental delays. However, early intervention may be used to help the child attain developmental milestones. Persons with the syndrome also have increased risks of developing cancer of the kidney. This disease is referred to as Wilms’ tumor. It mainly affects children, and it is for this reason that individuals with Trisomy 18 should have examinations of the abdominal cavity more often. Other complications, such as high blood pressure , pneumonia, seizures, ear and eye infections, pulmonary hypertension, and heart disease may occur. Another consequence of Edwards Syndrome is the inability to feed properly. Difficulties are also experienced when breathing, swallowing, and sucking. Such children may have problems coordinating their swallow. For this reason, they may choke or vomit. Other issues may include gastroesophageal reflux disease and aspiration. These describe the situation whereby food moves from the stomach to the throat and whereby liquid material is breathed into the lungs, respectively. Oral-facial clefts also cause issues as the child tries to feed. How Edwards Syndrome Affects Learning Process Children with Edwards Syndrome usually have learning problems due to the affected nervous system and brain. Mental retardation usually results in delayed development (Gilmore, 2014). The self-determination theory shows the importance of individuals’ innate psychological needs that influence their motivat ion and personality integration (Ryan Deci, 2000). These are required to ensure constructive social development. Retardation in individuals with Edwards syndrome may affect this ability (Anderson, Lytton, Romney, 1986). Learning how to walk may prove to be a learning issue for individuals. For this reason, a child who has survived past the first birthday would require to use walking support. Such children also have limited verbal communication abilities (Liang, Braddock, Heithaus, Christensen, Carey, 2013). However, such children may respond to cuddling and may smile and interact with the guardian (Carey, 2012).Advertising Looking for term paper on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Response to stimuli such as cuddling indicates development since the Behavioural Child Development Theories propose that development is indicated by the child’s reaction to stimuli, punishment, and reinforcements (Dunn, 1992). According to the Group Socialization Theory proposed by Harris (1995), parents, teachers, and other members of society play an important role in the child’s learning process. Children with Edwards syndrome should have special education needs. Individuals with Edwards syndrome have difficulties expressing themselves using words (McGraw Perlman, 2008). Liang, Braddock, Heithaus, Christensen, and Carey (2013) conducted a study to investigate the communication ability of individuals with Edwards syndrome. According to the Sensory Stimulation Theory, effective learning takes place when there is a stimulation of the senses. These senses include sight and hearing. The individuals with Edwards syndrome can learn by watching and hearing. This is consiste nt with the cognitive Child Development Theory by Piaget, which proposes that a child actively gains knowledge from the environment. Conclusion Edwards syndrome is a genetic disorder that alters chromosome composition. The additional chromosome may cause death in most of the babies. Most die before birth, and many more die within the first month. For those that survive past the first year develop many abnormalities. Some defects would be visible on the outside, but some occur internally. Such children also experience learning problems since their nervous systems and brains are affected. Although these children may show some form of communication using gestures or body language, they are unable to speak sensibly (Nicoladis, Mayberry, Genesee, 1999). References Anderson, K., Lytton, H., Romney, D. (1986). Mothers’ interactions with normal and conduct-disordered boys: Who affects whom? Developmental Psychology, 22(1), 604-609. Banka, S., Metcalfe, K., Clayton-Smith, J. (2013) . Trisomy 18 mosaicism: Report of two cases. World J Pediatr, 9(2), 179-181. Baty, B., Jorde, L., Blackburn, B., Carey, J. (1994). Natural history of trisomy 18 and trisomy 13: Psychomotor development. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 49(1), 189–184. Carey, J. (2012). Perspectives on the care and management of infants with trisomy 18 and 13: Striving for balance. Current Opinion in Paediatrics, 24(1), 672–678. Dunn, J. (1992). Siblings and development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(1), 6-9. Gilmore, L. (2014). Understanding chromosome disorders and their implications for special educators. Cypriot Journal of Educational Science, 9(1), 14-20. Gilmore, L. (2009). Rare chromosome disorders and their developmental consequences. Intellectual Disability Australasia, 30(1), 3-7. Harris, J. (1995). Where is the child’s environment? A group socialization theory of development. Psychological Review, 102(3), 458-489. Liang, C., Braddock, A., Heithaus , J., Christensen, K., Carey, J. (2013). Reported communication ability of persons with Trisomy 18 and Trisomy 13. Dev Neurorehabil, 1751(8423), 1-8. McGraw M., Perlman, J. (2008). Attitudes of neonatologists toward delivery room management of confirmed Trisomy 18: Potential factors influencing a changing dynamic. Paediatrics, 121(1), 1106–1110. Nicoladis, E., Mayberry, R., Genesee, F. (1999). Gesture and early bilingual development. Developmental Psychology, 35(1), 514–526. Ryan, R., Deci, E. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78. This term paper on Psychiatric Illness: Trisomy 18 or Edwards Syndrome was written and submitted by user Ryland Eaton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Basic Requirement For An APA Short Essay Format Sample Paper

A Basic Requirement For An APA Short Essay Format Sample PaperThe APA is the American Psychological Association. As the name indicates, it is a professional organization with a national authority on psychological research and practice. Its goal is to facilitate and promote the full progress of psychology research.Having an essay is as a basic requirement for the graduate students and even first-year college students are required to write an APA short essay format sample paper. Their essay is one of the basic requirements for their APA degree. There are several assignments that are given and some very basic information will be required to be provided on the APA website before they can begin their assignment. Below are some of the basic requirements that students need to meet.For those who want to apply for a psychology bachelor's degree, these are some of the basic requirements that students need to meet to get a higher grade in their grade. The main aim of this is to give some degree of guarantee to the students that the process for getting a psychology bachelor's degree is indeed worth the effort.When writing a class APA short essay format sample paper, students will have to read over many papers that they may find. This is to make sure that the students understand the different points in each paper so that they can have an idea about how to write a paper that is effective. Many people who write these will use the other writers' styles or even their own writing style but always remember that the style that you prefer, you will have to have an idea about it when you start. Also, keep in mind that the style that you use may not be to your liking but as long as you use a good quality format to help you in your assignment.The next thing that you need to do is to ensure that your own style is appropriate for the paper that you have to write. There are several ways to do this. Some will ask you to include a personal experience that you have had. Other will ask you t o use your experiences from one situation that you have faced at school or at work.Some other ways to do this will be asking you to describe the events that happened at work, the importance of the items and the people that are mentioned. This will require some creativity to come up with the right ideas. You can also just write whatever you feel like to give. However, you can always check your work and look for mistakes to ensure that you have written something worth sharing.Students will be spending countless hours in this assignment, so it is important that they write a paper that is meaningful. You can either give a personal experience or relate something that happened at school. It is important that students create a clear idea about themselves as well as the profession that they are going to practice.

When to Pull the Plug Professor Ramos Blog

When to Pull the Plug Fig. 1.Living will. â€Å"Silly Sunday: Life Support.† https://joycelansky.blogspot.com/2012/09/silly-sunday-life-support.html Death is inevitable. It is topic not many people would like to think about much less be comfortable to talk about.However, it is a very sensitive issue that should be discussed between family members. Many of these patients have no written legal documents that state their end-of-life wishes. If a brain dead patient is placed on a breathing machine and other forms of life support, who would be the one in charge of making life-and-death decisions such as when to pull the plug? When the choice to take a loved one off of life support after brain death is declared to families, the choice is not always easy. Today, doctors and family members face challenging ethical questions concerning when and if they should pull the plug. Therefore, to relieve both sides from making such a difficult decision, a brain dead patient should be pulled out from any means of life support per patient’s wish as indicated: in his/her living will, per doctor’s pronouncement based on neurological crit eria of brain death, per hospital’s concern as to minimize financial burden, and unnecessary suffering of both the patient and their family. Fig. 2.Who do you wish to make health care decisions for you when you can’t make them for yourself any longer? https://www.winstonmedical.org/visitors-patients/advanced-directive/ Brain Death Scenario: There are many cases of brain dead patients who are placed on life support machines. The most recent case is JahiMcMath, a 13-year-old African American girl from Oakland, California, who got admitted in the hospital for sleep apnea (breathing repeatedly stops and starts when asleep) and had her tonsils removed, was pronounced brain dead on December 12, 2013 after she suffered massive blood loss from surgery (Schmidt 1). She had no living will before the surgery, which directly made her parents as surrogates to make decisions for her. She was placed on life support for four years. When her parents decided to pull the plug, Jahi stopped breathing and her heart stopped beating. She was pronounced dead the second time on June 22, 2018 (2). Fig. 3. Brain death. http://1.bp.blogspot.com Brain Function: What is the function of the brain? Kasule states the brain is the command, coordination, and communication center for the body to work (2). He continues, when an injury to the brain happens due to lack of oxygen, the brain is very sensitive to such abuse, that it dies irreversibly first before other major organs like the lungs and the heart. The injured brain cannot recover or be replaced. Therefore, the brain controls all the other organs, and when it dies, the other organs imminently follow. Fig. 4.Neurological criteria for death (Brain Death Protocols).CrashMaster, http://crashingpatient.com/intensive-care/neurologic-criteria-for-death.htm/ Reason #1: Why Unplug – Patient is Brain Dead Based on Neurological Assessment Criteria The neurological assessment for brain death is a universal law or criteria followed by doctors when examining and confirming if a patient is dead or alive, based on neurological criteria as lack of responsiveness (coma), absence of brainstem reflexes (i.e. pupils do not react to light, no facial muscle movement, no gag reflexes), absence of breathing drive, and no brain waves activity as shown in figure 4. If there is no change, the test is repeated after 24 hours to confirm death (Jakusovaite et al 206). This has become the criteria for brain death confirmation that doctors follow. As opposed to comas, when patients are in comas whether medically induced or through the patient’s health process, tests are done such as those indicated above that show that the body is still responsive and the brain is not dead. There is also a test to check for brain waves and in coma patients, brain waves are still present. However, in the brain dead patient, waves are no longer present or acti ve. In 1973, brainstem death was identified as the point of no return and the United States Uniform Determination of Death Act was enacted (Kasule 2). The brain dead patient is not able to cough or swallow, breathe on their own, do not display brain waves, and have no hope in quality of life. Thus, by pulling the plug, it will cause the patient’s breathing to cease and thereby causing the heart to stop. Reason #2: Why Unplug – It Drains Family Resources When Patient Has No Point of Return (Dead) The purpose of protecting resources is attained by earlier confirmation of death using brain death criteria to stop expensive life support in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The daily costs in the ICU are higher during the first 2 days where the cost of mechanical ventilation is $10,794 on day 1 and $4,796 on day 2 (Dasta 1266) in addition to ICU equipment supplies. As of January 1, 2018, the cost of room and board in critical care or trauma pediatric intensive care unit in University Hospitals in Cleveland Medical Center is $10, 140 per day (Patient Pricing Information 1). The indirect costs are expenses when family leave their work and travel to the hospital daily. However, once death is confirmed any further ICU care is a waste of resources (Kasule 5). In fact one of the reasons a patient is taken out of life support is when the family can no longer afford the financial cost of the treatments. The cost is so high that it takes toll on the family’s finances. It is a lose-lose situation if a patient will never recover and the family will end up in debt.Due to this financial burden, it is important that staff have a realistic conversation with the family to discuss the patient’s quality of life and the need to pull the plug. Fig. 5.Advanced directive.https://www.winstonmedical.org/visitors-patients/advanced-directive/ Fig. 6.Percentatge of Americans without advanced directive. â€Å"Your Resolution for Advance Directives.†https://www.hhhc.org/resources/news/advance-directives/resolution-advance-directives/ Reason #3: Why Unplug – Respect One’s Wishes Not to Be on Life Support if No Quality of Life Many critically ill patients opt out of life support and state their wishes in an advanced directive or living will in the event there is no chance of recovery or quality of life. Tejwani defines advance directives as a set of instructions recognized under state law in reference to the provision of health care when the individual is incapacitated (772). It communicates one’s wishes to family, friends, and health care professionals in the event of becoming unable to voice one’s own wishes. It may also include durable power of attorney (POA), a document designating a surrogate decision-maker if the individual is incapacitated and can include orders for withdrawal of life support. Patients with advance directive are much more likely to receive end-of-life care consistent with their preferences. A majority of the population in United States do not have advance directives as shown in figure 6. A surrogate or proxy speaks for the patient and is to follow the patient’s specific views on end-of-life values and preferences. If the patient’s preferences are unknown, the surrogate should make decisions in the best interest of the patient (772). It can be difficult to begin the conversation on end-of-life preferences, however, a simple and/or quick discussion can make a huge difference. In the instance of Jahi, had her parents and medical staff asked her what her preferences were prior to her surgery, it may have made a difference for her and her family’s suffering afterward. Thus, the growing consensus is that every adult, regardless of age, should consider preparing an advance directive because unforeseeable accidents can and do occur. Fig. 7.Ventilator/ventilator support.https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/ventilatorventilator-support Addressing Opposite Side #1 – Family believes Patient on Life Support is Alive Family members often believe that a patient on a breathing machineor ventilatoris still alive because the patient is breathing and the heart is beating even when the brain is dead. The use of life support is that it sustains life for a longer period of time to allow for the processing a traumatic event, acceptance of the situation, more time to grieve, and possible solutions. However, it is wrong to keep someone alive without their consent, possibly prolonging their suffering. The downside to this situation is difficult to determine when is the right time to pull the plug? In the case of JahiMcMath, who was on life support, her parents believe that it is morally wrong according to their religious belief to let someone die (Schmidt 1). Emotionally, it is difficult for Jahi’s family when confronting the issue of her brain dead status and it would be difficult for them if they are asked to pull the plug. Her parents were hoping she would recover, that is why they opted for life s upport (Schmidt 2). However, after 4 years of being on life support, Jahi’s organs started to fail. Her parents decided to pull the plug because that is the only realistic option for them and for their daughter. Had the parents understood the meaning of brain death and what it means in terms of her quality of life, it is possible that they would have pulled the plug sooner. Because after they turned off the ventilator, Jahi stopped breathing and her heart stopped beating. The only support to keep her alive was the breathing machine. Fig. 8.Brain-dead patients deserve to be laid to rest. https://sundial.csun.edu/2014/01/brain-dead-patients-deserve-to-be-laid-to-rest/ Addressing Opposite Side #2 – Family Belief of Miracle Religious family members of a dying patient believe that miracles can happen. Tejwani states the patient’s family rejected the recommendation of considering comfort care of terminally ill patient and expressed strong feeling that a miracle would occur and the patient would regain consciousness and recover (773). Based on this hope, they requested continuation of unlimited life-sustaining measures. Despite being repeatedly informed that these measures would not alter the patient’s outcome, the family persisted on their requests. The care team felt the family’s expectations to be unrealistic and their demands unreasonable. Providing invasive care to a brain death patient with no hope of recovery creates emotional and moral distress on care providers, and providers may consider themselves agents of harm. Blindly following the surrogate’s wishes is not always in the patient’s best interest and most surrogates tend to request to â€Å"do everything poss ible.† Although in some circumstances this achieves nothing more than inflicting bodily injury on the patient (774). The appropriate time to pull the plug is after the confirmation of brain death using the brain death criteria and only after a very thorough discussion with the patient’s family. Jahi’s mother was not able to move on with her life thinking that her daughter was still alive and was stuck in the stage of denial (first stage of the grieving process) for 4 years. Magic miracle cures do not happen for a brain dead patient. Conclusion True, death is inevitable and talking about it should not be avoided among family members because unforeseeable accidents can happen anytime. The important message for patients and their families is, before a family member ends up in ICU or undergoes a surgery no matter how minor, they need to talk about what one would want in advance. End-of-life decision-making is extremely challenging for patient’s family to make without an advanced directive or living will. With an advance directive, the surrogate, family, and care providers have proof as to what the brain-dead patient’s values and preferences are. Nobody wants to be kept alive when such life would be a meaningless existence. Everyone wants a sentient existence in which one has the ability to think, read, speak, write, and communicate. Anything that could not restore a person to this is a purposeless and meaningless life. Moreover, state laws meeting should revise the Universal Declaration of Death Act (UDDA) to eth ically make the doctors pull the plug the moment a patient has been pronounced brain dead. Brain stem death should remain the mainstay of defining death so as to give families closure and prevent the patient’s suffering. Dasta, J.F. et al. Daily Cost of an Intensive Care Unit Day: The Contribution of Mechanical Ventilation.Critical Care Med.Jun 2005, 33(6).p. 1266.PubMed. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15942342 Jakusovaite, Irayda et al. Determination of Death: Metaphysical and Biomedical Discoure. Medicina.Vol. 52 issue 4. 2016. p. 206. ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2016.06.02 Kasule, Omar Hasan. Brain Death: Criteria, Signs, and Tests. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences. Vol. 8 issue 1, April 2013. P. ScienceDirect. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jturned.2013.02.001 Patient Pricing Information.University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center. p.1. uhhospitals.org/cleveland/patients-and-visitors/billing-insurance-and- medical-records/patient-pricing-information Schmidt, Samantha. JahiMcMath, the California Girl in Life-Support Controversy, is Now Dead. The Washington Post. 29 June 2018. pp. 1-2. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/06/29/jahi-mcmath-the- calif-girl-declared-brain-dead-4-years-ago-is-taken-off-life- support/?noredirect=onutm_term=.b4a260ced3a6 Tejwani, Vickram et al. Issues Surrounding End-of-Life Decision-making.Patient Preference Adherence, (2013).pp. 771-775. https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S48135

Kingdom Centre Tower in Riyadh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Kingdom Centre Tower in Riyadh - Essay Example The project gives brief recommendations concerning the intent and design of the project. The inclusion of multiple entities - including residential areas, possible recommendations concerning the project would include support for these other entities. This theme could be expanded upon by surrounding out-buildings supporting the central tower. According to the research findings, it can, therefore, be said that the 'Necklace' for the city of Riyadh, the Kingdom Center tower is an iconic structure truly worthy of study. The tallest building in Riyadh, it is a modernist/postmodern architectural design intended as a crown jewel, and hub of commerce for the Kingdom in general, Riyadh specifically. The most distinctive feature of the tower is the inverted catenary arch encompassing the top floors of the structure. Unique in the Middle-East, the Kingdom Center Tower has been retained by Prince Alwaleed as integral for a Kingdom Centre Tower construction project in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Among the firms consulted during the design and construction process was Kramer Design, for consulting and design assistance in terms of development and installation of the various, advanced features of the structure; including what purports to be the largest outdoor video display system along the outer surface, utilizing LED (light-emitting diode) technology. But the video system was also developed with the intent of allowing unimpeded interior views from within the interior offices, and retail centers. The Kingdom Center tower possesses a curtain wall mullion system, the strategic development of which prevents the obstruction of the outside world, while permitting revenue-generating advertisements and announcements of interest to aid in the promotion and marketing for the unique hub of commerce. (Kramer-design.com, 2012) The Centre was the winner of the 2002 Emporis Skyscraper Award, a rigorous process by which it was selected in that year as the best new skyscraper, due to its innovati ve design and functionality. (Emporis.com, 2012) Upon entering the main lobby, the visitor is greeted by an elliptical area with ribbed vaulting, a fountain, and elevated walkways decorated with rows of palm trees. The inverted arch theme is also found on commemorative souvenirs, and influences light fixtures surrounding the structure in its parking lot with a capacity for 3,000 automobiles. (Skyscraperpage.com,

Council of Trent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Council of Trent - Essay Example This paper looks at four themes of the Council of Trent. The themes are, Reformation, Interpretation of Scripture, Condemnation of Corruption in the Church, and Faith and Works. Reformation The reformations that were executed by the Council of Trent were meant to ensure order and efficiency in the Catholic Church and also to curb rampant corruption in the church. The following are the reforms that were made by the Council of Trent. First, the council decreed that bishops must live within their diocese. The bishops also were prohibited from buying or selling religious offices. This measure was meant to curb the common practice of appropriating church properties by the rogue bishops. It was also decreed that each bishop had to establish a seminary within his diocese. This was meant to ensure that there were training facilities, within each diocese, for the candidates for priesthood. The council also decreed that candidate for priesthood had to be firmly grounded in Theology, the candid ates also were required to lead a virtuous life (The Council of Trent (1545-1563): Roman Catholic Church, Web.). ... By this decree the council fathers in the Council of Trent meant that it is the Magisterium only, the official teaching office of the church, has the authority to interpret the Holy Scriptures. The members of the Catholic Church are supposed to abide by the church interpretations of the Scriptures, and not any other interpretation. This directive was meant to cushion the catholic believers from the erroneous and heretical interpretations of the Holy Scriptures. This decree on the interpretation of the scripture reinforced the position of the Magisterium as the official teaching office of the church. Condemnation of Corruption The fathers in the Council of Trent condemned the selling and buying of religious offices. This corrupt practice was known as Simony. And to curb this crime, the fathers put in place a clear declaration against buying and selling of religious offices (The Council of Trent: Bull of Indiction, Web). The council fathers also condemned the abuse of indulgences by th e clergy, and to curb this vice, the fathers reaffirmed the efficacy of the indulgences and put in place cautionary measures to ensure that indulgences are not misused for selfish gains by the clergy. Faith and Works The fathers of the Council of Trent taught that both faith and works/action were instrumental for justification. The fathers decreed that justification depended on the sacrament of baptism, co-operation with infused grace, and good works. The fathers of the council supported their view with St. James teaching that faith without good works is dead, Jms. 1: 26.This position of the fathers of the Council of Trent was diametrically opposed to

Prison Reform Essay Example for Free

Prison Reform Essay Reform was a major issue in early 19th century America because it was a time when more middle-classed Americans were able to devote time to social causes and issues that they saw that concerned them. One of these important social movements was prison reform, and how men and women in prison were treated. In the early 1800’s the United States was regarded as having the best penal system in the world. This is why during the early 1800’s Alexis de Tocqueville was sent from France to the United States to study the penal system there. What he was coming here to study was how the system of prisons had been reformed already by Americans. Many individuals, in particular religious advocates who took up the cause of prison reform, had established themselves as the voice of prisoners. They felt that while prisoners needed to do time for their crimes and be punished accordingly, they also had the right to have good conditions within the prisons themselves. These people had a goal of creating prisons that were conducive to not only punishing individuals, but reforming them became an important part of their time in prison. These religious reformers felt that prisoners should be reformed to become good citizens and, if they never left jail, then at least they could be religious individuals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The successes of these reformers were that they did create a great amount of interest in reform. Many new prisons began to be built that would be more conducive to reforming prisoners. These successes were shortly lived, however, because sadly the prisons did not go up as quickly as the prisoners were going in and therefore old prisons that were not good conditions were still in use, and many prisoners still languished in them, in even worse conditions than before.